In an important diplomatic step, the Republic of Cyprus and Lebanon have officially agreed on their maritime border, ending a long-running dispute. The leaders of both countries signed the agreement, which clearly marks the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) for each nation in the Eastern Mediterranean. This concludes almost twenty years of negotiations and creates a foundation for stronger cooperation, especially in energy and security matters. The United States, which helped the talks, praised the deal for its positive effect on regional stability.
This agreement closes a difficult chapter. Talks first started in 2007, but an early deal was never finalized. It was delayed for many years because of Lebanon's internal political problems, pressure from Turkey—which has its own claims in the area—and Lebanon's focus on a separate border dispute with Israel. The breakthrough came after a similar sea border deal was successfully reached between Israel and Lebanon in 2022, with talks held in Cyprus.
The new border is drawn using the "median-line" principle, a method supported by international law. This standard is different from the one Turkey uses for its claims. Importantly, this agreement does not need approval from Lebanon's parliament, so it can take effect immediately. It will allow the two countries to work together on exploring for offshore gas and oil, protecting underwater pipelines, and managing sea resources.
The deal has different meanings for each country. For Cyprus, it is a strategic success that strengthens its legal position. For Lebanon, it shows a more practical approach to foreign policy. The agreement also encourages international energy companies, already active near Cyprus, to consider projects in Lebanon's waters.
On a larger scale, this agreement sets a strong legal example for how sea borders should be drawn in the region, which may influence other disputes. It is also part of a wider American and European strategy to use energy cooperation and economic support to build stability and dialogue among Eastern Mediterranean nations. Ultimately, this is more than just a line on a map; it is a move toward connecting a divided region through shared rules and economic interests.